ē̆ 1, ō̆

    ē̆ 1, ō̆

    English meaning: a kind of adverbial/ nominal particle

    Deutsche Übersetzung: adnominale and adverbale Partikel, etwa “nahe bei, zusammen with”

    Note: out of Aryan and partially also already in this in the meaning coloring, in Gmc. as sense “ under, after, behind, back, again, away “ extended cognitional with Pron.-stem e-, o-, either as its originator or, what is obvious esp. for the long vowels ē, ō, therefrom as an Instrumental formatIon.

    Material: O.Ind. ü, Av. O.Pers. ü “ in, to there “, e.g. ü-gam- “ near to, draw near, get near, come close “, as postposition with acc. “to - toward “, with loc. “on, in, to - toward “, with abl. “from - away “; with O.Ind. ü-dü “ receive (in) “, ü-da- “ receiving; getting in possession “ compare O.Ind. düyüdá - m. “ hereditary receiver “ (düyá - “inheritance”), Gk. χηρωστής “ wer ledig gewordenen Besitz (τὸ χῆρον) zu eigener Nutzung oder zur Verwaltung bekommen hat “ (*-ω-δτᾱ, compare O.Ind. participle ü-t-ta-ḥ “ receive “), Lat. hērēs “ an heir, heiress “ (*hēro- = χῆρο- + ē-d- “ receiving “). In adj. compounds has ar. ü the concept of the convergence, e.g. O.Ind. ü-nīla- “ blackish, darkish “ (also probably Gk. ὠ-χρός “pale, wan, yellowish”, probably also ἠ-βαιός besides βαιός “ little, small “, and Slav. ja- see under). About Av. a- insecure affiliation in the nominal setting s. Reichelt Av. Elementarbuch 270; Arm. in y-o-gn “much, a lot of” from preposition i + *o-gʷhon- or *o-gʷhno- (to O.Ind. ü- hanás- “tumescent, luscious” s. gʷhen- “to swell”); Gk. ὀ- probably in ὀ-κέλλω “ set in motion, drive, animate “ (see qel- “drive, push”), ὀ- τρύ̄νω (see tu̯er- “hurry”), ὀφέλλω, ὀλόπτω (see lep- ‘schälen”), ὄαρ “wife” (see ar- “ decree, edict, mandate, dispose, arrange; reconcile, settle; resign, submit to “, above S. 56), ὀ- νίνημι (see nü- “help”), ὄ-πατρος “ by the same father, being descendant by same father “, ὄ-τριχες ἵπποι “ of similar mane “ under likewise, ὄζος “attendant, servant” (*o-zdos eig. “ Withgänger “, to root sed-, as also IE *ozdos, Gk. ὄζος “bough” as “ ansitzendes Stämmchen “, compare ὄ-σχη, ὄ-σχος “twig, branch” to ἔχειν, ἐχεῖν), ὄ-τλος (see tel- “bear, carry”), ὄ-φελος, ὄ-ψον, ὄ-βριμος (see below gʷer- “ heavy “), perhaps also in οἶμα and other under *eis- “ move violently, fast “ discussed words; after Schwyzer Gk. I 433 though lies in ὄπατρος before Eol. ὀ- instead of ἁ (*sm̥-), according to Risch (briefl.) also in ὄαρ, ὄτριχες and ὄζος “ companion “; Gk. ἐ- probably in ἐθέλω besides θέλω; ἐ-γείρω “arouse, stimulate; wake up, awaken”; Gk. ω in χηρωστής (see above); Gk. η probably in ἠ-βαιός (see above); ē : ō in O.H.G. ümaht “ eclipse (of a hevenly body); want, defect; flowing/dropping down, faint, swoon, temporary loss of consciousness “, üteilo “ free from; without; lacking experience; immune from “, O.E. in ǣwǣde “ nude “, O.H.G. ümüd : uomüd “ after reaping, harvesting “, üwahst : uowahst “ growth, development, increase; germ (of idea); offshoot; advancement (rank) “, “ occiput, back part of the head or skull “, O.E. ōgengel “the (retreating) Querriegel “, ōleccan “ flatter, compliment, chatter, wheedle “ from *ō-lukjan; ō suffixed in acc. sg. the pron. Decl., e.g. Goth. ƕanō-h, ƕarjatō-h, Þana etc. In Slav. *ē or *ō, colorless in some compounds, as skR.C.S. ja-skudъ besides Church Slavic skǫdъ “ugly” (see Berneker 441); ĕ following the loc. and with this deformed in type O.Bulg. kamen-e and Lith. rañkoj-e “in the hand”.

    References: WP. I 95 f., WH. 388, 642, Specht KZ. 62, 56, Hirt Indog. Gk. IV 54, Schwyzer Gk. I 434, 6483, 7221.